316 lines
14 KiB
XML
316 lines
14 KiB
XML
import Article from "@/components/Article";
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import { Metadata } from "next";
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export const metadata: Metadata = {
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title: "Article - Introduction to Osteopathy | Dr. Feely",
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authors: [{ name: "Richard A. Feely, D.O., FAAO, FCA, FAAMA" }],
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description: `Today, only one branch of mainstream medicine follows the
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Hippocratic philosophy of medical care that centers on the patient, not the
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disease. It is Osteopathic Medicine and, currently, some 36,233 osteopathic
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physicians and surgeons offer this dimension in medical care.`,
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};
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const ArticleIntroToOsteopathy = () => {
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return (
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<Article
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title="Introduction to Osteopathy"
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author="Richard A. Feely, D.O., FAAO, FCA, FAAMA"
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>
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<h2>Section A | What is it?</h2>
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<p>
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Today, only one branch of mainstream medicine follows the Hippocratic
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philosophy of medical care that centers on the patient, not the disease.
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It is Osteopathic Medicine and, currently, some 36,233 osteopathic
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physicians and surgeons offer this dimension in medical care.
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</p>
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<p>
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Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.'s) are fully licensed and
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recognized physicians and surgeons who stress the unity of all body
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systems. They emphasize holistic medicine-awareness of proper nutrition
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and environmental factors; a hands-on approach to medicine; and a unique
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aid to the diagnosis and treatment of various illnesses known as
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Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment.
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</p>
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<p>
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One of the Osteopathic concepts of good medicine is that the body's
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musculoskeletal system is central to the patient's well-being.
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</p>
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<p>
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The system includes the bones, muscles, tendons, tissues, nerves and
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spinal column–about 60 percent of the body mass. This framework
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works with all the body's organs. It responds–properly or
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improperly—every time a breath is drawn or any other body movement
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occurs. Besides being prone to mechanical disorders, the musculoskeletal
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system reflects many internal illnesses and may aggravate or accelerate
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the disease process throughout the body. The osteopathic physician takes
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advantage of this fact in management not only of problems of the
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musculoskeletal system itself, but also in managing disorders affecting
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the rest of the body as well.
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</p>
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<p>
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Osteopathic physicians utilize all of the recognized procedures and
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modern technologies for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease,
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including drugs, radiation and surgery. In addition, the D.O. assesses
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the musculoskeletal system by the use of a finely trained sense of touch
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with the hands in a process called palpatory diagnosis. Disorders found
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there are treated by the introduction of carefully applied manual
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forces, directed to the bones, muscles and joints, in a type of
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treatment called Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT), or simply
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“manipulation.” Osteopathic manipulation of the musculoskeletal system
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is a proven technique for many diagnoses and treatments. Often, it can
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provide an alternative to therapies involving drugs or surgery.
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</p>
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<p>
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Because musculoskeletal dysfunction can mimic many diseases, osteopathic
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manipulation is an important component in diagnosis, as well as a means
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of correcting structural problems.
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</p>
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<p>
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For example, it has been well-documented that diseases of specific
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organs can produce pain in other parts of the body. Stomach ulcers
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consistently cause area of spinal pain and irritation just below the
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shoulders in the back. The radiation of pain to the loin is the
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reflection of pain and disability to the left shoulder following heart
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disease. In diagnosing such diseases, D.O.'s recognize that symptoms can
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be produced without actual disorder in organs to which pain has been
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referred.
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</p>
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<p>
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Also, disturbances affecting the musculoskeletal system can cause
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symptoms that stimulate other illnesses. Among the most common causes of
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recurrent headaches, for example, is disorder of the cervical (upper)
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portion of the spinal column. Properly applied manipulative treatment,
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particularly directed to the head and neck, can often relieve headache
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symptoms when other remedies have failed.
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</p>
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<p>
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Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment is often part of the medical
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treatment for stress headaches, sinus problems and pulmonary distress.
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Obstetricians often use manipulation to relieve low back pain during
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pregnancy or as additional medical treatment for menstrual cramps.
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</p>
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<p>
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Studies indicate that Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment, as part of the
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total patient treatment, actually accelerates the rate of recovery from
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illness or injury, keeping hospital or home stays to a minimum.
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</p>
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<p>
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By combining unique osteopathic principles with traditional diagnostic
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and therapeutic procedures, D.O.'s offer a balanced system of health
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care to both prevent and cure disease. The osteopathic approach is a
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true system of preventive medicine, treating the whole person, not just
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the disease.
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</p>
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<h2>Section B | What is the Difference?</h2>
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<p>
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American osteopathic physicians are fully licensed physicians and
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surgeons. To become fully licensed, they must graduate from one of 16
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osteopathic medical schools accredited by the Bureau of Professional
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Education of the American Osteopathic Association. After completing
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osteopathic medical school, D.O.s serve a one-year internship. During
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that year, they gain hands-on experience in internal medicine,
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obstetrics/gynecology, family practice, pediatrics and surgery. Often a
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D.O. will opt to continue their education by entering a two to six year
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residency program in a specialty area such as cardiology, neurology or
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thoracic surgery.
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</p>
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<p>
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There are currently 35,000 D.O.s in the United States, with 60 percent
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of them in primary care areas of family practice, internal medicine,
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obstetrics/gynecology and pediatrics. D.O.s comprise 5.5 percent of the
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total physician population and 18 percent of all physicians in the
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military. By the year 2000, there will be 45,000 osteopathic physicians
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in practice in the United States. Each year, 100 million patient visits
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are made to D.O.s.
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</p>
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<p>
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Unlike in England, in the USA an osteopathic doctor is a fully licensed
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and trained physician and surgeon like an MD but with the addition of
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osteopathic manipulation. Each DO is licensed by each individual state
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to practice Osteopathic Medicine and Surgery. An English DO to practice
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in the US would have to take 4 years of Osteopathic Medicine at a US
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college plus 3 years of residency/internship, then pass a national or
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state board exam. He would then be able to apply and receive a state
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license.
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</p>
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<p>DOs and MDs are Similar</p>
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<ol>
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<li>
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All must have four years of undergraduate training with an emphasis on
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science courses.
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</li>
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<li>All must complete four years of basic medical education.</li>
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<li>
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All may choose a medical specialty after completing medical school.
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</li>
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<li>
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All must pass an unlimited physician and surgeon state licensing
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examination.
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</li>
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<li>
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All may practice in fully accredited, licensed hospitals and medical
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centers.
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</li>
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</ol>
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<p>DOs and MDs are Different</p>
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<ol>
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<li>
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<strong>D.O.s focus on preventive health care.</strong>
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</li>
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<li>
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<strong>
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D.O.s receive additional training in the musculoskeletal system,
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gaining a therapeutic and diagnostic advantage.
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</strong>
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</li>
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<li>
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<strong>
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D.O.s do not treat specific illnesses or symptoms, but instead
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practice a whole person approach to medicine.
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</strong>
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</li>
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<li>
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<strong>
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D.O.s incorporate osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) into
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their practice which allows them to use their hands to diagnose and
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treat soft tissue injury or illness, thereby encouraging the body's
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natural tendency toward health.
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</strong>
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</li>
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</ol>
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<h2>DOs, MDs and DCs</h2>
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<p>
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While health care practitioners are very familiar with the similarities
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and differences between their particular treatment approaches, many
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times the public is not. The following table is provided to help give a
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general overview of the training and root philosophies of these three
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professional disciplines.
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</p>
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<table>
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<tr>
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<th></th>
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<th>Osteopathic Physicians (DO)</th>
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<th>Allopathic Physicians (MD's)</th>
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<th>Chiropractors (DC's)</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<strong>Undergraduate Training Required</strong>
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</td>
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<td>4 years</td>
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<td>4 years</td>
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<td>4 years</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<strong>Postgraduate Training Required</strong>
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</td>
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<td>5-8 years</td>
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<td>5-8 years</td>
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<td>3-4 years</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<strong>Hospital Residency Required</strong>
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</td>
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<td>Yes</td>
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<td>Yes</td>
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<td>No</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<strong>Able to Prescribe Drugs</strong>
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</td>
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<td>Yes</td>
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<td>Yes</td>
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<td>No</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<strong>Able to Perform Surgery</strong>
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</td>
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<td>Yes</td>
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<td>Yes</td>
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<td>No</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<strong>Training in Bodily Manipulation</strong>
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</td>
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<td>
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Receives 300-500 hours extensive training in bodily manipulation
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including cranial, extremity, spinal joints, and connective tissue
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</td>
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<td>
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Receives no formal training in manipulation, spinal or otherwise
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</td>
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<td>Receive up to 600 hours in the use of spinal manipulation</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<strong>Founders</strong>
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</td>
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<td>
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A.T. Still, physician whose philosophy is a “whole person” approach
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and whose emphasis was on disease prevention as well as cure. A.T.
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Still was an American original.
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</td>
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<td>
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German trained physicians who viewed the body as being comprised
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primarily of parts and who emphasized treating symptoms through
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drugs and surgery.
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</td>
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<td>
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D. D. Palmer who felt that spinal manipulation could effectively
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address 95% of all illness. Briefly studied with A. T. Still, then
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developed his own techniques.
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<h2>Section C | Principles</h2>
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<p>
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Osteopathy is the knowledge of the structure, relations and functions of
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each part and tissue of the human body applied to the adjustment in the
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correction in whatever may be interfering with the harmonious operation.
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Doctors of osteopathy conceive of man as a biomechanism, an organic
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machine which, as long as the cells, tissues, organs, muscles, ligaments
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and bones are normal in themselves in their reciprocal relationships,
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they will function normally. They maintain that structural integrity and
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physiological adjustment of the tissues and fluid tensions of the
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organism which form the most important factors in maintaining health.
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Life essentials-food, water, light, air, heat, exercise, protection and
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rest-are necessary also environmental and psychological harmony. In an
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organism structurally perfect, these constitute the requirements of man
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for maintaining health. The principles of osteopathy follow the logic of
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an applied knowledge of anatomy, physiology and pathology.
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</p>
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<p>The principles of Osteopathy are as follow:</p>
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<ol>
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<li>that the body is a unit</li>
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<li>structure and function are reciprocally interrelated</li>
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<li>the body possesses self regulating mechanisms</li>
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<li>
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the body rationale therapy is based upon knowledge and use of the
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above three principles.
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</li>
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</ol>
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<p>
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The osteopathic concept includes surgery which osteopathic physicians
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practice and recommend as indicated. Osteopathy is not drug-less
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profession in the strict sense of the word. It uses drugs which have
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specific scientific value and proven effectiveness. The osteopathic
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physician is a skilled engineer of the vital human mechanism influencing
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by manipulation and other osteopathic measures the activity of the nerve
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cells, glands and organs and the distribution and the distribution of
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fluids and the discharge of nerve impulses therefore, normalizing tissue
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fluid and function.
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</p>
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</Article>
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);
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};
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export default ArticleIntroToOsteopathy;
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