lc3-vm/LICENSE

GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 3, 29 June 2007

Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>

Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license doc
ument, but changing it is not allowed.

Preamble

The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for software and othe
r kinds of works.

The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed to take aw
ay your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast, the GNU General Publ
ic License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change all version
s of a program--to make sure it remains free software for all its users. We, the
 Free Software Foundation, use the GNU General Public License for most of our so
ftware; it applies also to any other work released this way by its authors. You 
can apply it to your programs, too.

When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our Gene
ral Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distr
ibute copies of free software (and charge for them if you wish), that you receiv
e source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or 
use pieces of it in new free programs, and that you know you can do these things
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To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you these rights 
or asking you to surrender the rights. Therefore, you have certain responsibilit
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For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a
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Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps: (1) assert c
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PL requires that modified versions be marked as changed, so that their problems 
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Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run modified versio
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e, we have designed this version of the GPL to prohibit the practice for those p
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The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification foll
ow.

TERMS AND CONDITIONS

0. Definitions.

“This License” refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.

“Copyright” also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds of work
s, such as semiconductor masks.

“The Program” refers to any copyrightable work licensed under this License. 
Each licensee is addressed as “you”. “Licensees” and “recipients” ma
y be individuals or organizations.

To “modify” a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of the work in a 
fashion requiring copyright permission, other than the making of an exact copy. 
The resulting work is called a “modified version” of the earlier work or a w
ork “based on” the earlier work.

A “covered work” means either the unmodified Program or a work based on the 
Program.

To “propagate” a work means to do anything with it that, without permission,
 would make you directly or secondarily liable for infringement under applicable
 copyright law, except executing it on a computer or modifying a private copy. P
ropagation includes copying, distribution (with or without modification), making
 available to the public, and in some countries other activities as well.

To “convey” a work means any kind of propagation that enables other parties 
to make or receive copies. Mere interaction with a user through a computer netwo
rk, with no transfer of a copy, is not conveying.

An interactive user interface displays “Appropriate Legal Notices” to the ex
tent that it includes a convenient and prominently visible feature that (1) disp
lays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2) tells the user that there is no wa
rranty for the work (except to the extent that warranties are provided), that li
censees may convey the work under this License, and how to view a copy of this L
icense. If the interface presents a list of user commands or options, such as a 
menu, a prominent item in the list meets this criterion.

1. Source Code.
The “source code” for a work means the preferred form of the work for making
 modifications to it. “Object code” means any non-source form of a work.

A “Standard Interface” means an interface that either is an official standar
d defined by a recognized standards body, or, in the case of interfaces specifie
d for a particular programming language, one that is widely used among developer
s working in that language.

The “System Libraries” of an executable work include anything, other than th
e work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of packaging a Major 
Component, but which is not part of that Major Component, and (b) serves only to
 enable use of the work with that Major Component, or to implement a Standard In
terface for which an implementation is available to the public in source code fo
rm. A “Major Component”, in this context, means a major essential component 
(kernel, window system, and so on) of the specific operating system (if any) on 
which the executable work runs, or a compiler used to produce the work, or an ob
ject code interpreter used to run it.

The “Corresponding Source” for a work in object code form means all the sour
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ever, it does not include the work's System Libraries, or general-purpose tools 
or generally available free programs which are used unmodified in performing tho
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rce includes interface definition files associated with source files for the wor
k, and the source code for shared libraries and dynamically linked subprograms t
hat the work is specifically designed to require, such as by intimate data commu
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The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users can regenerate aut
omatically from other parts of the Corresponding Source.

The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that same work.

2. Basic Permissions.
All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of copyright on t
he Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated conditions are met. This Lic
ense explicitly affirms your unlimited permission to run the unmodified Program.
 The output from running a covered work is covered by this License only if the o
utput, given its content, constitutes a covered work. This License acknowledges 
your rights of fair use or other equivalent, as provided by copyright law.

You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not convey, without co
nditions so long as your license otherwise remains in force. You may convey cove
red works to others for the sole purpose of having them make modifications exclu
sively for you, or provide you with facilities for running those works, provided
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Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under the conditions
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3. Protecting Users' Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
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When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid circumventio
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cising rights under this License with respect to the covered work, and you discl
aim any intention to limit operation or modification of the work as a means of e
nforcing, against the work's users, your or third parties' legal rights to forbi
d circumvention of technological measures.

4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.
You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it, i
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copy an appropriate copyright notice; keep intact all notices stating that this 
License and any non-permissive terms added in accord with section 7 apply to the
 code; keep intact all notices of the absence of any warranty; and give all reci
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You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey, and you may 
offer support or warranty protection for a fee.

5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to produce it f
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ed that you also meet all of these conditions:

     a) The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified it, and 
giving a relevant date.

     b) The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is released under 
this License and any conditions added under section 7. This requirement modifies
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     c) You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this License to anyo
ne who comes into possession of a copy. This License will therefore apply, along
 with any applicable section 7 additional terms, to the whole of the work, and a
ll its parts, regardless of how they are packaged. This License gives no permiss
ion to license the work in any other way, but it does not invalidate such permis
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     d) If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display Appropria
te Legal Notices; however, if the Program has interactive interfaces that do not
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A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent works, which
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ulting copyright are not used to limit the access or legal rights of the compila
tion's users beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered wor
k in an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other parts of the
 aggregate.

6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms of sections 4 
and 5, provided that you also convey the machine-readable Corresponding Source u
nder the terms of this License, in one of these ways:

     a) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product (including
 a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the Corresponding Source fixed 
on a durable physical medium customarily used for software interchange.

     b) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product (including
 a physical distribution medium), accompanied by a written offer, valid for at l
east three years and valid for as long as you offer spare parts or customer supp
ort for that product model, to give anyone who possesses the object code either 
(1) a copy of the Corresponding Source for all the software in the product that 
is covered by this License, on a durable physical medium customarily used for so
ftware interchange, for a price no more than your reasonable cost of physically 
performing this conveying of source, or (2) access to copy the Corresponding Sou
rce from a network server at no charge.

     c) Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the written o
ffer to provide the Corresponding Source. This alternative is allowed only occas
ionally and noncommercially, and only if you received the object code with such 
an offer, in accord with subsection 6b.

     d) Convey the object code by offering access from a designated place (grati
s or for a charge), and offer equivalent access to the Corresponding Source in t
he same way through the same place at no further charge. You need not require re
cipients to copy the Corresponding Source along with the object code. If the pla
ce to copy the object code is a network server, the Corresponding Source may be 
on a different server (operated by you or a third party) that supports equivalen
t copying facilities, provided you maintain clear directions next to the object 
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sts the Corresponding Source, you remain obligated to ensure that it is availabl
e for as long as needed to satisfy these requirements.

     e) Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided you inf
orm other peers where the object code and Corresponding Source of the work are b
eing offered to the general public at no charge under subsection 6d.

A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded from the C
orresponding Source as a System Library, need not be included in conveying the o
bject code work.

A “User Product” is either (1) a “consumer product”, which means any tan
gible personal property which is normally used for personal, family, or househol
d purposes, or (2) anything designed or sold for incorporation into a dwelling. 
In determining whether a product is a consumer product, doubtful cases shall be 
resolved in favor of coverage. For a particular product received by a particular
 user, “normally used” refers to a typical or common use of that class of pr
oduct, regardless of the status of the particular user or of the way in which th
e particular user actually uses, or expects or is expected to use, the product. 
A product is a consumer product regardless of whether the product has substantia
l commercial, industrial or non-consumer uses, unless such uses represent the on
ly significant mode of use of the product.

“Installation Information” for a User Product means any methods, procedures,
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s Corresponding Source. The information must suffice to ensure that the continue
d functioning of the modified object code is in no case prevented or interfered 
with solely because modification has been made.

If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or specificall
y for use in, a User Product, and the conveying occurs as part of a transaction 
in which the right of possession and use of the User Product is transferred to t
he recipient in perpetuity or for a fixed term (regardless of how the transactio
n is characterized), the Corresponding Source conveyed under this section must b
e accompanied by the Installation Information. But this requirement does not app
ly if neither you nor any third party retains the ability to install modified ob
ject code on the User Product (for example, the work has been installed in ROM).

The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a requireme
nt to continue to provide support service, warranty, or updates for a work that 
has been modified or installed by the recipient, or for the User Product in whic
h it has been modified or installed. Access to a network may be denied when the 
modification itself materially and adversely affects the operation of the networ
k or violates the rules and protocols for communication across the network.

Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided, in accord 
with this section must be in a format that is publicly documented (and with an i
mplementation available to the public in source code form), and must require no 
special password or key for unpacking, reading or copying.

7. Additional Terms.
“Additional permissions” are terms that supplement the terms of this License
 by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions. Additional permissions
 that are applicable to the entire Program shall be treated as though they were 
included in this License, to the extent that they are valid under applicable law
. If additional permissions apply only to part of the Program, that part may be 
used separately under those permissions, but the entire Program remains governed
 by this License without regard to the additional permissions.

When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option remove any addi
tional permissions from that copy, or from any part of it. (Additional permissio
ns may be written to require their own removal in certain cases when you modify 
the work.) You may place additional permissions on material, added by you to a c
overed work, for which you have or can give appropriate copyright permission.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you add to a c
overed work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of that material) s
upplement the terms of this License with terms:

     a) Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the terms of
 sections 15 and 16 of this License; or

     b) Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or author a
ttributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal Notices displayed by wo
rks containing it; or

     c) Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material, or requiri
ng that modified versions of such material be marked in reasonable ways as diffe
rent from the original version; or

     d) Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or authors
 of the material; or

     e) Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some trade name
s, trademarks, or service marks; or

     f) Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that material by a
nyone who conveys the material (or modified versions of it) with contractual ass
umptions of liability to the recipient, for any liability that these contractual
 assumptions directly impose on those licensors and authors.

All other non-permissive additional terms are considered “further restrictions
” within the meaning of section 10. If the Program as you received it, or any 
part of it, contains a notice stating that it is governed by this License along 
with a term that is a further restriction, you may remove that term. If a licens
e document contains a further restriction but permits relicensing or conveying u
nder this License, you may add to a covered work material governed by the terms 
of that license document, provided that the further restriction does not survive
 such relicensing or conveying.

If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you must place, 
in the relevant source files, a statement of the additional terms that apply to 
those files, or a notice indicating where to find the applicable terms.

Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the form of a s
eparately written license, or stated as exceptions; the above requirements apply
 either way.

8. Termination.
You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly provided unde
r this License. Any attempt otherwise to propagate or modify it is void, and wil
l automatically terminate your rights under this License (including any patent l
icenses granted under the third paragraph of section 11).

However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license from a pa
rticular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and until the 
copyright holder explicitly and finally terminates your license, and (b) permane
ntly, if the copyright holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reaso
nable means prior to 60 days after the cessation.

Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated permanen
tly if the copyright holder notifies you of the violation by some reasonable mea
ns, this is the first time you have received notice of violation of this License
 (for any work) from that copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 
30 days after your receipt of the notice.

Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the licenses of
 parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License. If your
 rights have been terminated and not permanently reinstated, you do not qualify 
to receive new licenses for the same material under section 10.

9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or run a copy of
 the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work occurring solely as a cons
equence of using peer-to-peer transmission to receive a copy likewise does not r
equire acceptance. However, nothing other than this License grants you permissio
n to propagate or modify any covered work. These actions infringe copyright if y
ou do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating a covered 
work, you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so.

10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically receives a lice
nse from the original licensors, to run, modify and propagate that work, subject
 to this License. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third part
ies with this License.

An “entity transaction” is a transaction transferring control of an organiza
tion, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an organization, or mer
ging organizations. If propagation of a covered work results from an entity tran
saction, each party to that transaction who receives a copy of the work also rec
eives whatever licenses to the work the party's predecessor in interest had or c
ould give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the Corres
ponding Source of the work from the predecessor in interest, if the predecessor 
has it or can get it with reasonable efforts.

You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the rights grante
d or affirmed under this License. For example, you may not impose a license fee,
 royalty, or other charge for exercise of rights granted under this License, and
 you may not initiate litigation (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a l
awsuit) alleging that any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, o
ffering for sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.

11. Patents.
A “contributor” is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this License 
of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The work thus licensed i
s called the contributor's “contributor version”.

A contributor's “essential patent claims” are all patent claims owned or con
trolled by the contributor, whether already acquired or hereafter acquired, that
 would be infringed by some manner, permitted by this License, of making, using,
 or selling its contributor version, but do not include claims that would be inf
ringed only as a consequence of further modification of the contributor version.
 For purposes of this definition, “control” includes the right to grant pate
nt sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of this License.

Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free patent lice
nse under the contributor's essential patent claims, to make, use, sell, offer f
or sale, import and otherwise run, modify and propagate the contents of its cont
ributor version.

In the following three paragraphs, a “patent license” is any express agreeme
nt or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent (such as an expre
ss permission to practice a patent or covenant not to sue for patent infringemen
t). To “grant” such a patent license to a party means to make such an agreem
ent or commitment not to enforce a patent against the party.

If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license, and the Cor
responding Source of the work is not available for anyone to copy, free of charg
e and under the terms of this License, through a publicly available network serv
er or other readily accessible means, then you must either (1) cause the Corresp
onding Source to be so available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the bene
fit of the patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner 
consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent license t
o downstream recipients. “Knowingly relying” means you have actual knowledge
 that, but for the patent license, your conveying the covered work in a country,
 or your recipient's use of the covered work in a country, would infringe one or
 more identifiable patents in that country that you have reason to believe are v
alid.

If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or arrangement, you c
onvey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a covered work, and grant a pate
nt license to some of the parties receiving the covered work authorizing them to
 use, propagate, modify or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the 
patent license you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the cove
red work and works based on it.

A patent license is “discriminatory” if it does not include within the scope
 of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is conditioned on the non-exerci
se of one or more of the rights that are specifically granted under this License
. You may not convey a covered work if you are a party to an arrangement with a 
third party that is in the business of distributing software, under which you ma
ke payment to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying 
the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the parties who woul
d receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory patent license (a) in conn
ection with copies of the covered work conveyed by you (or copies made from thos
e copies), or (b) primarily for and in connection with specific products or comp
ilations that contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement
, or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.

Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting any implied 
license or other defenses to infringement that may otherwise be available to you
 under applicable patent law.

12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise
) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from th
e conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a covered work so as to satis
fy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent ob
ligations, then as a consequence you may not convey it at all. For example, if y
ou agree to terms that obligate you to collect a royalty for further conveying f
rom those to whom you convey the Program, the only way you could satisfy both th
ose terms and this License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Progr
am.

13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have permission to link
 or combine any covered work with a work licensed under version 3 of the GNU Aff
ero General Public License into a single combined work, and to convey the result
ing work. The terms of this License will continue to apply to the part which is 
the covered work, but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public 
License, section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the 
combination as such.

14. Revised Versions of this License.
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the GNU 
General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in s
pirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems o
r concerns.

Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies 
that a certain numbered version of the GNU General Public License “or any late
r version” applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and condi
tions either of that numbered version or of any later version published by the F
ree Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the
 GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published by the Fr
ee Software Foundation.

If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of the GN
U General Public License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptanc
e of a version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the Program
.

Later license versions may give you additional or different permissions. However
, no additional obligations are imposed on any author or copyright holder as a r
esult of your choosing to follow a later version.

15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.
 EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PART
IES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS
ED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANT
ABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY 
AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, 
YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.

16. Limitation of Liability.
IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY C
OPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS P
ERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, IN
CIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE
 PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACC
URATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO
 OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN A
DVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided above cannot 
be given local legal effect according to their terms, reviewing courts shall app
ly local law that most closely approximates an absolute waiver of all civil liab
ility in connection with the Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liabili
ty accompanies a copy of the Program in return for a fee.

END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS

How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs

If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use
 to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which e
veryone can redistribute and change under these terms.

To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach th
em to the start of each source file to most effectively state the exclusion of w
arranty; and each file should have at least the “copyright” line and a point
er to where the full notice is found.

     <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
     Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>

     This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it und
er the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
 Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later vers
ion.

     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS F
OR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.

     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along wit
h this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.

If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short notice like thi
s when it starts in an interactive mode:

     <program>  Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
     This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
     This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain
 conditions; type `show c' for details.

The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate part
s of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands might be dif
ferent; for a GUI interface, you would use an “about box”.

You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, if an
y, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if necessary. For more 
information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see <http://www.gn
u.org/licenses/>.

The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into p
roprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider i
t more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If th
is is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General Public License instead of 
this License. But first, please read <http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl
.html>.